Only in social creatures, who routinely share resources at some level. Like families or villages. It doesn't have to outweight anything; its just another pressure at work. So we settle at some mean reproductive interval and some lifespan, that optimizes for all the environmental factors in play.
Imagine you're born into a tribe that has evolved to purposefully die, but you are a mutant that lives twice as long and has twice as many kids. What stops your genes from quickly spreading?
All known species die of old age. This includes species that are not social and do not share resources. Group selection can not be the mechanism at play here.
All known species share their ecological niche with the rest of their members. They are also social to the extent that they court and reproduce.
In your example, what stops the genes from spreading is that the entire village dies of starvation or competition with other tribes that have younger, fitter members.
Its a matter of degree. Humans are social to a high degree, but possibly not as high as ants for instance. Ants eat members of the tribe that are injured, an extreme example of group-efficiency taking priority over the individual.
